WebA divergence angle is determined from a measured beam profile and a dependence of the divergence angle on an acceleration voltage is obtained. The ratio of an acceleration current to a H- current is measured in various conditions of pressure, input arc power, extraction voltage, and acceleration voltage. Web27 apr. 2024 · A full understanding of the ion beam dynamics in focusing devices is therefore necessary ... while the second produces highly collimated proton beams with divergence comprised between 6 and 11 ...
Characterisation of negative ion beam focusing based on phase …
WebDue to diffraction, a Gaussian beam will converge and diverge from an area called the beam waist (w 0 ), which is where the beam diameter reaches a minimum value. The beam converges and diverges equally on both sides of the … WebWith a two-step pressure reduction, the ion beam under-goes substantial divergence as it exits the second cone, thus requiring additional focusing if the ion beam is to properly enter the filtering quadrupole. Sample introduction – making the right sized droplets As mentioned earlier, most samples introduced into an ICP-MS system are liquids. raw time host
(PDF) The influence of beam divergence on ion-beam …
Webticles. The beam divergence of the incident Pb ions was determined in two ways: (a) by measuring the intensity of the deflected Pb ion beam for varying goniometer angles, (b) by varying the incident beam angle with a combina-tion of two vertical steering elements (TRIMs), located 42 and 29 meters upstream of the crystal. These magnets al- Web21 sep. 1998 · 1.. IntroductionIn the conceptual design study of the high-yield power plant LIBRA-SP [1] the 24 lithium ion beams must propagate in the self-pinched mode over a distance of 7–8 m and deliver a total energy of 7.2 MJ to the target. The peak beam power and intensity must reach 330 TW and 54TW/cm 2, respectively, for a yield of 560 MJ. … Web28 apr. 2024 · In the case of a 100 keV and 1 MeV negative hydrogen ion beams, figure 2 exemplifies how the precursor beams evolve through an H 2 gas target, and how the rate of slow ions and electrons is consequently different. At 100 keV (figure 2 (a)), the peak neutral flux is higher than at 1 MeV (figure 2 (b)) and requires a lower target thickness. raw timber supplies